Python lug'atlar (Dictionary) bilan ishlash

Dictionary — kalit-qiymat juftliklar to'plami.

Dictionary yaratish

talaba = {
    "ism": "Sherali",
    "yosh": 22,
    "kurs": "Python",
    "ball": 95
}

print(talaba["ism"])        # Sherali
print(talaba.get("yosh"))   # 22
print(talaba.get("manzil", "Noma'lum"))  # default qiymat

Yangilash va qo'shish

talaba["yosh"] = 23          # yangilash
talaba["shahar"] = "Toshkent" # yangi qo'shish
talaba.update({"email": "test@gmail.com", "tel": "+998901234567"})

O'chirish

del talaba["ball"]
manzil = talaba.pop("shahar", None)

Iteratsiya

# Kalitlar bo'yicha
for kalit in talaba.keys():
    print(kalit)

# Qiymatlar bo'yicha
for qiymat in talaba.values():
    print(qiymat)

# Juftliklar bo'yicha
for kalit, qiymat in talaba.items():
    print(f"{kalit} = {qiymat}")

Dict Comprehension

kvadratlar = {x: x**2 for x in range(1, 6)}
# {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}

juft = {k: v for k, v in kvadratlar.items() if v % 2 == 0}

Ichma-ich dictionary

maktab = {
    "sinf_10A": {"o'quvchilar": 30, "rahbar": "Aziza opa"},
    "sinf_10B": {"o'quvchilar": 28, "rahbar": "Bobur aka"},
}

print(maktab["sinf_10A"]["rahbar"])  # Aziza opa